SYSTEM(S) EFFECTED: Digestive
DIAGNOSTICS: None
TREATMENT: Multiple
PREVENTION: Yes


GENERAL DESCRIPTION

Dogs and cats have anal sacs and occasionally they can become irritated. The anal sacs are located at four o clock and eight o clock around the anus. These sacs are frequently referred to as the anal glands, which produce a foul smelling secretion during defecation. The anal glands often become full and blocked, not allowing them to empty. When this happens, they become infected and/or impacted causing pain and discomfort for your pet.

SOURCE & CAUSE(S)

If the ducts in the anal glands become blocked, the glands cannot empty. They will become swollen, and defecating will be difficult for your pet. There is no specific reason for why this occurs but is seen more frequently in dogs than cats.

SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
•Scooting rear end on ground (due to itching)
•Swollen glands
•Redness around rectum
•Excessive licking of the rectum area
NOTE: If an abscess appears around the infected area, you need to take your pet the veterinarian ASAP.


DIAGNOSIS & TESTS

Diagnosis begins with a complete history and a physical exam. Your veterinarian will be able to determine anal sac problems from sight and palpating the anal sacs. Palpating the anal glands mean your veterinarian will touch the area with their hands.


TREATMENT & MANAGEMENT

Treatment options will depend on the state of the problem at the time of examination. The treatments for anal sac problems include the following:

•Expressing the anal glands in order to empty the contents. This will relieve the pressure and pain.
•Infusing the anal glands with antibiotic ointment.
•Surgical removal of the glands if the problem is severe and is happening over and over again.
PREVENTION & HELPFUL TIPS
•The best prevention for anal gland problems is regular expressing of the glands at your vets office or from your groomer. You can learn how to do this on your own, but it is not a pleasant job.
•If left unchecked, anal glands can leak and leave an unpleasant odor on carpets and upholstery. Use cleaners specially formulated for pets to remove stains and odor.